The Parliament of Montenegro passed the Law on the Use of Energy from Renewable Sources, which was published in the Official Gazette of Montenegro on August 23rd, 2024. The Law will enter into force on the eighth day from the day of its publication in the Official Gazette of Montenegro.

Hungary's growing economic performance and competitive tax system offer a good business environment for companies from Switzerland, while the presence of Hungarian companies in Switzerland is also growing.

On 1 September 2024, the National Cyber Security Law came into force, replacing the Law on the Security of Information Technologies. 

On 8 August 2024, a new Government decree was published on the designation and operating conditions of the building authorities.

As we wrote in our earlier article, according to the decision made by the German data protection authority at the end of last year, the use of the “pay-or-okay” principle is generally allowed. This model involves a cookie notice (via a so-called cookie banner) on a website, giving the user the choice between:

In July 2024, the Hungarian Government introduced significant changes to the regulations governing online payments, aiming to enhance consumer protection and the security of electronic transactions.

The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA), along with the NIS2 directive, is a crucial piece of European legislation aimed at strengthening cybersecurity within the EU. While NIS2 focuses on a broader range of critical sectors, DORA specifically targets the financial sector, establishing a robust framework to ensure that regulated financial entities can withstand, respond to and recover from disruptions and threats related to information and communications technology (ICT). DORA complements other EU regulatory frameworks by introducing standardised requirements for digital operational resilience, which financial entities must incorporate into their risk management strategies by its effective date of 17 January 2025.

North Macedonia currently lacks AI-specific regulations, lagging behind neighbouring countries that have implemented guidelines or laws. Although the Macedonian Fund for Innovation and Technology Development (FITD) and the government initiated efforts in 2021 to create a National Strategy for AI (National Strategy), progress has been slow due to challenges such as insufficient data, human resources, and technical capabilities. Despite this, there is a strong commitment, supported by organisations like the World Bank and UNDP, to develop a comprehensive AI strategy aligned with European Union (EU) standards.

The European Union lawmakers have completed the group of many sustainability and circularity-focused initiatives introduced during the last legislative cycle. The Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) is a significant step towards promoting sustainable and responsible business practices and more transparent company operations. This Directive completes the Corporate Sustainable Reporting Directive (CSRD) from December 2022, which updates the process of how and what companies report in their non-financial statements, according to European sustainability standards.

On 16 August 2024, the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine as of 9 August 2024 No. 925 ("Amending Resolution") became effective and introduced amendments to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine as of 18 March 2022 No. 314 "On Certain Issues of Ensuring of Carrying Out Commercial Activities During Martial Law" ("Resolution on Simplified Licensing Procedure").

The Bulgarian energy regulator has proposed changes to the Grid Connection Ordinance No. 6, adopted earlier this year, which aim to provide flexibility in the application process, support for wind projects, and further regulation of battery energy storage systems (BESS).

In 2024, Hungary introduced new regulations concerning the employment of guest workers. The new law, which took effect at the start of the year, outlines specific criteria for obtaining a guest worker residence permit. Under the new regulations, a guest worker can receive a residence permit if the following conditions are met:

In August 2024, Montenegro’s government took a significant step towards modernising the country’s gambling industry by adopting the Fiscal Strategy for 2024-2027. This ambitious plan, aimed at ensuring macroeconomic stability and responsible governance, includes substantial changes to the gambling framework that could reshape the sector’s future.

Recently, the Court of Appeal in Belgrade, in its ruling No. Gž4 168/22 dated May 30, 2024, addressed the issue of determining copyright infringement in a case where, at the time of publication of the work, a different author was credited as the author.

The Regulation (EU) 2024/1991[1], known as the "Nature Restoration Law" ("NRL"), represents a significant EU initiative aimed at reversing ecosystem degradation. The NRL requires Member States to restore degraded ecosystems and enhance biodiversity and resilience across land and marine areas. Effective from 18 August 2024, the NRL imposes binding targets for ecosystem restoration, presenting both opportunities and challenges. This article analyses the NRL's potential impacts on the private sector, highlighting significant concerns and legal issues.

On August 13, 2024, the Cabinet Ministers of Ukraine (CMU) adopted important resolutions which will accelerate the deployment of renewable energy sources (RES) and distributed generation in Ukraine, namely:

In Judgment No. Rev₂ 1986/22 dated November 24, 2023, the Supreme Court took the position that the days during which the employee was on sick leave cannot be counted in the eight-day period within which the employee is obligated to respond to the offer of an annex to the employment contract, starting from the date of receipt of the offer.

The sustainable finance sector has seen a surge, with Sustainability-Linked Loans (SLLs) hitting EUR 212 billion in early 2024^[1], driven by a global emphasis on environmental responsibility and incentivizing ESG-compliant practices. This trend underscores the role of SLLs in corporate finance and global sustainability efforts.