The ongoing war in Ukraine has sparked governments to take defense seriously. The Lithuanian government is no exception here – as of 2025, Lithuania is set to increase defense spending.

Debt pushdown structures have become a prevalent strategy in Estonia for company acquisitions. However, up until now, the absence of clear regulatory guidance has left companies and their legal advisors navigating uncertain terrain, particularly concerning the tax implications. The (at the time of writing) soon-to-be-published guidance on the taxation of debt pushdowns is poised to provide much-needed clarity.

The Slovenian Financial Administration has recently provided clarification on the tax treatment of share buybacks conducted through intermediaries. This article offers valuable insights for companies and tax professionals navigating the complexities of corporate restructuring and employee incentive programs.

In recent years, many countries have revised their tax legislation to improve and stabilize their national economies. The Republic of North Macedonia is among the countries with one of the lowest corporate tax rates in Europe, set at 10%, making it an attractive destination for investment. However, as a nation still undergoing transition and in need of new investments, the new Macedonian government believes that further reducing the tax rate will create better opportunities to attract new investments, which is crucial for improving and stabilizing the economic situation.

Romania remains an attractive jurisdiction for many foreign investors across various industries, but it faces challenges related to fiscal administration and predictability. A notable example is the introduction of a new taxation regime for large companies, which became effective on January 1, 2024. Naturally, this initiative triggered several reactions from the business community. Initially, efforts were made to prevent the enactment of such legislation or to propose amendments to mitigate the envisaged fiscal impact. Subsequently, in response to the law’s implementation, companies have begun analyzing different restructuring scenarios to establish optimal business structures that would allow them to continue operating while neutralizing the fiscal burden.

Turkiye has witnessed significant tax developments in recent months, including amendments in real estate-related taxation. These changes primarily arise from the need to address budgetary concerns in the current economic climate, which has led to the repeal of certain frequently utilized tax exemption provisions. This article provides an overview of these developments and their implications for taxpayers or investors whose business structures include real estate in Turkiye.

The Czech Republic (the CR), as an OECD member state, generally speaking, has a tax system comparable to other economies. However, it does have some specificities. While in some areas, the Czech system is less strict (e.g., proving the movement of goods for VAT purposes), in other areas, the current practice in the CR is very formalistic and strict. This is the case, for example, for costs charged in a group between related parties, in particular costs for management services and marketing. Multinational groups unfamiliar with this approach from other European countries may therefore inadvertently get into a dispute with the local tax administration in the CR.

Over the past two decades, the Greek State has increasingly relied on self-financing techniques for large-scale infrastructure projects, namely concession agreements and public-private partnership (PPP) agreements which differ from the traditional public works contracts first of all in terms of private financing (either through equity or bank financing) provided by the contractor against consideration. At the same time, the contractor assumes significant part of the associated economic and business risks.

In October 2024, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rendered a judgment in preliminary ruling proceedings concerning the international FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players (RSTP) in relation to the freedom of movement of workers principle of the EU.[1] For the first time after the Bosman judgment in 1993[2], the legal framework of international football might face major changes.

Pursuant to an announcement issued today by the President (Judge) of the Council of State, the Court (in Plenary Session) has ruled that articles 10, 15§8, 19§2 and 25 of the New Building Regulations (“ΝΟΚ”) are not consistent with article 24 §§1 and 2 of the Constitution.

Hungary is gearing up for a groundbreaking shift in corporate governance, with the proposed law aimed at improving gender representation in leadership positions at publicly traded companies. By implementing the relevant EU directive, the proposed law does not only seek to address long-standing gender imbalances but still promotes greater access of women to the labor market participation.

A leniency procedure has been in place in Ukraine for over two decades. However, until recently, there was no public record of its successful application by the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine (AMC).

A set of two measures aimed at reducing state subsidies for renewable energy sources has been approved by the lower house of Parliament in the Czech Republic on 11 December 2024. These changes, proposed through amendments to the Act on Promoted Sources (the “RES Act”) and the Energy Act, specifically target solar power plants with a capacity of more than 30 kW that were connected in 2009 and 2010.

The Hungarian Parliament is debating several major laws at the end of 2024, including amendments to the Act on the election of the Members of the Parliament (‘Election Act’), another amendment to the Fundamental Law of Hungary and new rules on hate speech.

The Czech Republic has been a key global entertainment industry player for decades – whether through the quality of its local film production services, or the country’s use as a filming location, or with respect to developing world-famous video games. Now, in order to respond to the constantly evolving entertainment industry, to strengthen the competitiveness of the Czech audiovisual market, and to ensure the country remains a priority destination for major players developing film, series and video game projects, the Czech incentive scheme has been overhauled by lawmakers.

To bolster Europe’s clean energy transition, the European Commission has recently announced a EUR 4.6 billion investment.  This funding aims to advance net-zero technologies, electric vehicle (EV) battery cell manufacturing, and renewable hydrogen production.  This initiative marks a pivotal step in the EU’s commitment to achieving climate neutrality by 2050.

The Hungarian Parliament approved the autumn tax package on 26 November 2024. The amendments introduce significant changes to direct and indirect taxes alike, the most important changes are summarized below.

During EU-Ukraine Investment Conference on 13-14 November in Warsaw the European Commission has announced a call for private investment projects in Ukraine that have cost at least EUR 50 m, of which the project initiator provides at least 10% in the own contributions.