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Public-private partnerships (PPPs) offer a way to procure infrastructure and services that traditionally do not include private capital involvement with private finance participation. PPPs have been introduced as a general acknowledgment of the need to solve the infrastructure gap in many countries – especially in emerging market and developing economy (EMDE) countries. EMDE countries need to rely on private resources as a means of accelerating infrastructure development. Attractive for a high degree of flexibility in light of multiple variations across the globe regarding the scoping of a PPP, PPPs enable efficiency and high value for money.

Major infrastructure and industrial projects depend on careful government planning and resources. However, Bulgaria’s government has been in flux since 2021, with six general elections in the last four years. Nevertheless, there have been some legislative developments that could stimulate private investment in the fields of utilities, transport, postal services, energy, and industrial manufacturing.

Serbia’s booming construction sector and ongoing infrastructure projects establish it as a vital economic hub in the region. In 2023, construction works valued at over EUR 5 billion contributed around 5.5% to the national GDP. The country’s strategic location and ambitious infrastructure plans have attracted significant foreign investment. With projects like highways, railways, and energy facilities underway, Serbia is strengthening its position as a critical economic connector in Southeast Europe.

The Macedonian legislature has amended multiple laws for the purpose of introducing special rules for facilities of strategic importance, which are highly significant for the development of the infrastructure. Pursuant to the latest amendments of the Law on Spatial Planning (LSP) and the Law on Construction (LC), both of which entered into force on May 30, 2023, the “facilities of strategic importance” category includes state roads, railway lines, backbone gas pipelines, and any other facilities of public interest that are built as strategic investment projects or projects of strategic national importance.

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